Jem Finch Coming of Age Essay

Mental change is another type of change that Jem goes through. Jemstart to think like an adult as he gets older in the book. He shows it at thetrial of Tim Robinson when the jury is in the jury room and he starts to talk toReverend Sykes. He starts saying thing about the trial and Reverend Sykes askhim not to talk like that in front of Scout. Which shows that he knows whathe is talking about. (see page 208-209). There is also the time when he had togo and read to Mrs. Dubose which he later finds out about her drug addictionwhich he fully understands. So those are ways he changes mentally. Jem changes physically in many ways in the story. His hair stuck upbehind and down in front, and I wondered if it would it would ever look like aman’s-maybe if he shaved it off and started over, his hair would grow backneatly in place. His eyebrows were becoming heavier, and I noticed a newslimness about his body. He was growing taller. (225) There was also when Jemtried to show Scout his hair on his chest which shows him growing upphysically. (see page225) So these things show how he changes physically tobecome more of a man as he hits puberty. Another change that Jem goes through is his feeling toward himself andhow he starts to feel better about himself. When he gets home one day fromschool he shows that he is all confident about making the football team and howhappy he is to be old enough to play. But even though he doesn’t get to playhe still remains happy with just being the waterboy and just being able to bethere watching. During the trial ‘It was Jem’s turn to cry. ‘ which shows thathe was not afraid to just let his feeling be show even though most peoplewouldn’t have. 212) So these show that Jem can feel good about himself andalso feel bad but he can still let it out if he has to. One of the most important change that Jem goes through is taking andadult role in Scouts life. He walks her to the school play and he protects herfrom Bob Ewell when he tries to kill them. This is the main one because if Jemdid try and stop Ewell Scout could have died and it would have show that Jemdidn’t really have an adult role. Also another reason is when Jem tells Dillthat he shouldn’t touch Boo’s house because if Boo kills him no one will bearound to keep an eye on Scout. 13) As you can see those where all ways that Jem shows his coming of age inthe book To Kill A Mocking Bird by Harper Lee. By changing socially he becomesmore likable. By changing emotionally with himself he becomes more confident. By changing mentally he starts to under stand more compicated things thatbefore he would have never knew about. By changing physically he becomes moreof a man and is more older. And finally by changing to be more of an adult tohis sister he becomes more aware of what an adult has to face.

The Major Profitability Ratios

The major profitability ratios are: 1. 1. 1. 1RETURN ON CAPITAL: Describes the earning capacity of the enterprise and it is measured by the following ratio: Profit before interest and taxation Average operating Assets The Return On Capital ratio measures how well the average operating assets (assets such as debtors, cash, fixed assets, stock) are generating the company s income, and is indicative of the management techniques applied by the company to utilise its assets. A poor income rate of return could indicate that valuable assets are under utilised.As a result of this problem, an enterprise, which shows a negative Return on capital could be under the influence of poor management. The earning capacity of XYZ Limited for 1998 and 1999 |Ratio|2000|1999|1998|Comments| |||||| Return on|||||| Capital|NPBT|100|88|70|| |Av. OA|(286 + 230) 2|(230 + 162) 2|(162 + 144)|Industry ave| ||100 x 100|88 x 100| 2|| ||258|196|70 x 100|| ||38, 76%|44, 9%|153|| ||||45. 7%|| |||||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : XYZ Limited s return on capital declined from 45. 7% in 1998 to 44. 9% in 1999.This decrease is mainly due to the increase in assets, but further investigation is required to analyse the extent of this decrease. The decrease continued further from 44. 9% in 1999 to 38. 76% in 2000. Again this decrease is due to an increase in assets. The question that arises therefor is: â€Å"Is this phenomena as a result of mismanagement of assets, or just because XYZ Limited is starting up and still growing? † Additional investigation would be required to analyse the extent of the decrease. 1. 1. 1. 2NET PROFIT RATIO: The primary objective of an enterprise is to make a profit.Profit is earned from sales and serves as an important measure of return of capital. The Net Profit percentage can be measured by the following ratio: Net Profit Sales This Net Profit Ratio measures the overall effectiveness of the enterprise s operations, before interest, tax and other non-â€Å"operati ng† items. The shortfall of this ratio in terms of its effectiveness is perhaps the fact that its usefulness is limited to comparisons with other companies. In addition, there is no guideline as to what the ideal absolute value should be. Changes to the Net Profit % can be influenced by one of two components, viz. – Gross Profit Percentage Operating Expenditure In addition, the percentage of sales consumed by operating expenses (i. e. Gross Profit % – Net Profit %) is often indicative of management efficiency in controlling operating costs. Disciplined management techniques, for example, by cutting costs can lead to two consequences, viz. : – A more profitable enterprise An efficiently operating enterprise The Net Profit % of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Net Profit % Margin|2000|1999|1998| Net Operating Income|100|88|70| Net Sales|900|800|700| |11. 11%|11. 00%|10. 00%| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N :The Net Profit Percentage Margin increased steadily in proportion to the Gross Profit percentage during the horizon of 1998 to 1999 (10% to 11%). This improvement in the enterprise s return on capital indicates that a proportionately greater profit was earned from sales in 1999 that in 1998. The crux of the matter, however, is not yet known whether this improvement is as a result of larger Gross Profit or lower expenses. Further analysis would be required. During the period of 1999 to 2000 the Net Profit Percentage Margin increased by a further 0. 11% (11% in 1999 to 11,11% in 2000).Again this improvement can be ascribe to an improvement in the enterprise s return on capital. And as noted in the previous horizon, it cannot be determined whether this improvement is as a result of larger Gross Profit or lower expenses. Further analysis would be required. 1. 1. 1. 3Gross Profit % Margin Gross Profit % is an indication of the return of the enterprise s core business. The Gross Profit percentage can be measured by the following r atio: Gross Profit Sales The Gross Profit percentage ratio may be difficult to calculate, as many companies do not disclose their Gross Profit figures.This ratio measures the overall profit margin the enterprise is making on the goods it sells. Perhaps a weakness of this ratio is that by disclosing this type of information a company could potentially expose itself to its competitors. Changes in the Gross Profit % can be influenced by the following factors: Change in markup – changes in the selling prices of goods, or possibly trade discounts will have a direct impact on the GP margin. Sales Mix – an enterprise may deal with numerous different products, which have different mark-ups, and as a result, the sales mix will have an influence on Gross Profit % margin.A changing sales mix should be ascertainable from the segment report (if prepared) by the enterprise. Inventory theft – the theft of inventories would cause unequal quantities of inventories to be reflec ted as sales and cost of sales, and will definitely have a negative impact of the GP margin. The Gross Profit % of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Gross Profit Margin|2000|1999|1998| Gross Profit X 100%|300|256|210| Sales|900|800|700| |33. 33%|32. 00%|30. 00%| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : During the period 1998 to 1999, XYZ Limited s Gross Profit percentage margin increased from 30. 3% in 1998 to 32. 9% in 1999.Changes in Gross Profit from one period to the next may be influenced by an increase in sales volume, but further analysis would be required. During the period 1999 to 2000, XYZ Limited s Gross Profit percentage margin increased by 1,1% (from 32. 0% in 1999 to 33. 3% in 1999). A closer look into the enterprise would be required to analyse the following factors: – Higher selling prices Lower purchasing prices Incorrect inventory counts Stricter prevention or loss control policies For obvious reasons, this type of analysis is only possible if the unit selli ng price and the costs are known. 1. 1. 1. Return on Equity (ROE) Return on Equity is measured by the following ratio: Net Profit After Tax Total Equity Return On Equity (ROE) is an indication of good or bad the shareholders prospered during the year. The objective of any enterprise must be to yield sufficient returns in line with the risks taken on by the owner. In addition, the Return on Equity ratio also gives the investor an idea of the sort of return of investment he/she is achieving. This can be compared with returns on alternative investment opportunities such as savings accounts, gilts, and fixed properties. The ROE of XYZ Limited is as follows: –Return on Equity200019991998 Net Profit After Tax|56|48|33| Total equity|186|154|102| |30. 11%|31. 17%|32. 35%| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : During 1998 the Return on Equity ratio, as calculated above, indicated that for every rand in equity XYZ Limited generated 32. 35 cents in profit. Also noticeable is that during 19 99 and 2000 this profit was measured as 31,17 and 30. 11 respectively. Apart from the fact that there was a mediocre decline in percentage over the three-year period, nothing signifies that the company is undergoing stress in terms of the ROE figures. Thus no further analysis would be required. . 1. 1. 5Earnings Per Share Describes the earning per share of the entity and it is measured by the following ratio: Earnings Per Share Total Equity Earnings Per Share indicates the value of the company s share as perceived by the market. The higher increase in value, the higher the favourable perception of the enterprise. The EPS of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Earnings Per Share|2000|1999|1998| Net Profit After Tax|56|48|33| Number of Shares Issued|10|10|8| |R5. 60|R4. 80|R4. 13| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : XYZ Limited s earnings per share favourably increased over the three horizons from R4. 3 (1998), to R4. 80 (1999), to R5. 60 (2000). This steady increase in share value ove r the three-year period is indicative of the higher favourable perception of XYZ Limited s 1. 1. 1. 6P/E Ratio Describes Price/Earnings per share capacity of the entity and it is measured by the following ratio: Price Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Per Share indicates the internal growth of an enterprise. The P/E ratio also signifies how much investors are willing to pay per rand of current earnings. Furthermore, an increase in P/E usually indicates that an enterprise shows potential for future growth.The P/E Ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – P/E ratio|2000|1999|1998| Price per Share|28|20|16| Earnings Per Share|6|5|4| |5. 00|4. 17|3. 90| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : The Price/Earnings per share for XYZ Limited steadily increased over the horizons of 1998 (3. 90) to 1999 (4. 17); an increase of 0. 27. This increase is healthy for the company as it reflects it as a growing capability. However, since XYZ Limited is in its start-up phase this increase is understandable. The Price/Earnings per share for XYZ Limited, again, steadily increased over the horizons of 1999 (4. 17) to 2000 (5. 00); an increase of 0. 3. What is interesting to note is that this internal growth suggests that perhaps it is one of the contributory factors, which influenced the negative trend in the return of capital and since the company is relative new, growth is inevitable. 1. 1. 2 Liquidity Ratios Liquidity ratios, in essence, measure the ability of the enterprise to pay its bills on time. In other words, the more liquid an enterprise possesses, the more able it would be in terms of paying its bills. In addition, Liquidity ratios also measure the management of a firm s ability to employ working capital. The major liquidity ratios are: Current Ratio Acid-test Ratio Stock Turnover days Creditors payment ratio 1. 1. 2. 1Current Ratio The Current ratio measures the amount of times the company s assets cover its liabilities. Current liabilities consist of creditors who must be paid in cash in the short term. Current assets mainly consist of stock, debtors, and cash. The calculation of the current ratio is as follows: Current Assets Current Liabilities There is no generic rule of thumb about what the figure should be, but generally speaking, an acceptable ratio usually computes between 1 and 2, even though this may vary from industry to industry.The significant thing about the current ratio is that it is used to make comparisons, rather than an absolute measure of liquidity. As a short-term ratio, it makes sense, due to the fact the company s liquidity in the short term depends upon whether it has enough current assets to pay its current liabilities. Another important aspect of the Current Ratio is that it is an important tool for creditors and bank managers (in the case of overdrafts) as signifies that the company can make the commitment to its lenders. The current ratio could also be used in terms of risk management in the event of a negative trend in t his ratio.For example, if the rate at which the company s assets are converted into cash is slower than that of the repayment of the company s creditors, there would be liquidity problems in that enterprise. The Current ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Current Ratio|2000|1999|1998| Current Assets|186|110|22| Current Liabilities|70|36|20| |2. 66 : 1. 0|3. 06:1. 0|1. 10:1. 0| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : The Current ratio for XYZ Limited during the period 1998 to 1999 increased considerably from 1. 10:1. 0 to 3. 06:1. 0. The poor acid-test ratio in 1998 indicated that the company had experienced problems.This is obviously not the case due to the fact that the enterprise was just starting up. Another observation of this particular horizon is that it signifies that in 1999 the company expanded (grew) substantially since its inception – which contributed to the enormity of the gap. During the period of 1999 to 2000 the current ratio of XYZ Limited expectedly â₠¬Å"levelled-out† from (3. 06: 1. 0) to (2. 66:1. 0); and even though it is still above the industry norm (2:1). Even though this horizon indicates that XYZ Limited has the capabilities of servicing long-term debt and current liabilities, it must still be viewed with caution. 1. 1. 2. Acid Test Ratio The Acid-Test ratio (or sometimes referred to as the Quick ratio) is a more severe form of the current ratio where current assets are readily converted to cash are calculated as a proportion of the current liabilities. The calculation of the Acid-test ratio is as follows: Current Assets – Stock Current Liabilities The Acid-test ratio also compares current assets to current liabilities, but removes stock from the assets, since stock is usually the least liquid of all the assets and the most difficult to convert into cash. This ratio, in fact, gives us a more accurate assessment of the liquidity of the enterprise.A quick ratio of 1:1 would be considered as the norm , but may v ary from industry to industry. The Quick ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Acid Test Ratio|2000|1999|1998| Current assets – Stock|120|70|7| Current Liabilities|70|36|20| |1. 71:1. 0|1. 94:1. 0|0. 35:1. 0| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : The Current ratio for XYZ Limited during the period 1998 to 1999 increased considerably from 0. 35:1. 0 to 1. 94:1. 0 respectively. The poor acid-test ratio in 1998 is indicative of the fact that the company was in its infancy stage and was probably committed to its lenders.XYZ Limited then somewhat leap-frogged in 1999 to a more favourable position due its debtors recovery. During the period of 1999 to 2000 the quick ratio of XYZ Limited declined marginally from (3. 06: 1. 0) to (2. 66:1. 0) respectively; and even though it is still above the industry norm (1:1). The decrease in XYZ Limited s quick ratio could be ascribed to expansion in operations and growth and even though was still able to meet its short-term commitments. 1. 1. 2. 3Stock turnover days The calculation of the stock turnover days is as follows: Average inventory X 365 Cost of salesThe inventory stock days calculates the sales an enterprise contains in its year-end inventory. The most efficient scenario would be to have no inventory holding, but is impractical, as it would make an enterprise inoperable. It would therefor be considered as a management inventory control policy. The Stock turnover days ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Stock Inventory Turnover Days|2000|1999|1998| Ave inventory X 365|66|40|15| Cost of sales|600|544|490| |40. 15|26. 84|11. 17| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : It is interesting to note that during the period 1998 and 1999 this figure for the stock turnover days seemingly increased by 25. 7 days (from 11. 17 days in 1998 to 26. 84 days in 1999). This increase in the number of days could be as a result of growth or due to stock holding. XYZ Limited showed an increase in the number of days for the horizon 1 999 (26 days) and 2000 (40 days). This negative trend over this period and the previous horizon could be misleading and potentially indicates that stock piling occurs. It is difficult to assess this condition as the company could be in the process of delivering a huge order or has over stocked in anticipation of sales projection. 1. 1. 2. 4Creditors PaymentsThe calculation of the creditors payments is as follows: Average Creditors X 365 Cost of sales The creditors payments days indicates the period an enterprise uses to pay it s trade collectors. This can potentially give rise to cash discounts by suppliers. The Creditors Payments ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Stock Inventory Turnover Days|2000|1999|1998| Ave Creditor X 365|40|26|20| Cost of sales|600|544|490| |24 days|17days|14days| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : XYZ Limited showed an increase in the number of days for the horizon 1998 (14 days) and 1999 (17 days). And again during 2000 (24 days).This, however, does n ot signify anything as the company is still able to pay its suppliers in less that 30 days, which suggests an efficient payment process. 1. 1. 3 Leverage Ratios Leverage (Gearing) ratios, in essence, gives the analyst an indication of the sort of debt an enterprise has and how the operations is financed. All leverage ratios will contain long-term debts and short-term debts. This is usually compared with the total assets of the company. Financial institutions and banks are usually keen to know the company s leverage as they are keen to find out how much an enterprise has borrowed and what it can afford to borrow.The major leverage ratios are: 1. 1. 3. 1Debt Ratio The debt ratio is an indicator of all the debt that the company has , to its total assets. The calculation of the debt ratio is as follows: Total liabilities Total assets Due to the accounting equation, it can be generally assumed that the company has financed its assets by the above proportion of â€Å"non-owner† fun ds. â€Å"Owner funds† refers to share capital and retained earnings. Lenders generally stipulate that this ratio should not exceed a certain percentage because it is usually more risky to lend to a company who lacks owners funds (i. . share capital + retained earnings) as apposed to its â€Å"non-owners† funds. Again, the desirable value of this ratio is difficult to evaluate and its usefulness lies in how it compares to the same ratio in other similar companies. The debt ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Debt ratio|2000|1999|1998| Total liabilities|100|76|60| Total assets|286|230|162| |34. 97%|33. 04%|37. 04%| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : The debt ratio for XYZ Limited during the period 1998 to 1999 decreased marginally from 37. 04% to 33. 04%. this was mainly due to an increase in assets.Due to this effect on leverage, the debt equity ratio caused the return on shareholder s equity to remain fairly constant even though an increase in return on capit al was encountered. During the period of 1999 to 2000 the debt ratio of XYZ Limited increased marginally, suggesting that the company did not have the same profitability as the previous horizon. 1. 1. 3. 2Long-term Debt Ratio The long-term debt ratio is an indicator of only the long-term debt that the company has, to its total assets. The calculation of the long-term debt ratio is as follows: Long-term Debt Total assetsLong term debt is fairly static. Generally lenders do not like to give long-term loans to finance short-term (current assets). They prefer to lend on a long-term basis for items such as fixed assets. The ratio therefor indicates what proportion of the assets has been financed by long-term debt. The debt ratio of XYZ Limited is as follows: – Long-term debt ratio|2000|1999|1998| Long-term debt|30|40|40| Total assets|286|230|162| |10. 49%|17. 39%|24. 69%| |||| I N T E R P R E T A T I O N : The debt ratio for XYZ Limited during the period 1998 to 1999 decreased mar ginally from 24. 9% to 17. 39%. This was mainly due to an increase in total assets. Due to this effect on leverage, the debt equity ratio caused the return on shareholder s equity to remain fairly constant even though an increase in return on capital was encountered. During the period of 1999 to 2000 the debt ratio of XYZ Limited increased significantly mainly due to an increase in total assets and a decrease in long-term debt. What is noticeable in this ratio is that XYZ Limited is not particularly bad for the company. In fact, the company is seemingly doing very well.

Hydraulic fracturing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Legal Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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Critically analyse class expectation and gender in Pride and Prejudice Essay

Critically analyse class expectation and gender in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen - Essay Example Collins who spends so much of his time fawning Lady Catherine expresses class consciousness. Mr. Collins is an epitome of a society that cares nothing but getting their feet off the mud with the misconception that wealth, status and power are the basis of a good life. He has a complete disregard of the more important values in life. Austen depicts the barriers in classes in the 19th century England in the character of Mr. Collins. (Pascoe, 2002, p. 11-19) The boundaries in class are vividly drawn by Austen through the characters in the novel. Another example is Lady Catherine’s aristocratic image in the story. She appears as the protagonist who comes in between the relationship of Darcy, his nephew, and Elizabeth. The image-conscious aristocrat represents the people from the upper class of the society. She is prejudiced of the likes of the Bennets and most especially, Elizabeth. She finds the Bennets inconsequential due to their status and the fact the sisters are not able to draw. Aside from those, Elizabeth’s character, an uncommon girl in her era, makes Lady Catherine dislike her even more. Her incompetence in singing and playing the piano is far from what a girl in that time should be. (Goodin, 1972, p. 85-96) The social structure in the 19th century is present throughout the novel though the definition of characters relies more on the dialogues and not much on the description. Darcy for instance, portrays a character with excessive pride which is due to what society expects of him and with the big influence of what his father taught him. He is basically born into aristocracy but due to his honest and kind heart, tagged with his encounters with Elizabeth, Darcy eventually sees that the factors other than material possessions, status quo and power are the ones that truly belong to aristocracy. (Peterson, 1982, p. 11-13) When she declines the marriage proposal of Darcy, it shows that she does not belong to the class-conscious women that the only thing that runs in mind is to look for a wealthy man who can give them tiaras to make them belong to the upper class. Her character is the most prominent in the novel that breaks the stigma on women marrying wealth to climb a few notches higher in social ladder. The novel shows how someone like Elizabeth, a woman from the middle class values what she thinks and couldn’t care less if the society rejects her for being far away from the norm. Her character defies the concepts of social class and gender in the 19th century. (Austen, 1933, vol. 2 p. 86-89) Pride and Prejudice portrays the absurd value of marriage – financial security. Charlotte Lucas explains to Elizabeth upon accepting the marriage proposal of Mr. Collins that is refused by Elizabeth, â€Å"I am not romantic you know. I never was. I ask only a comfortable home; and considering Mr. Collin's character, connections, and situation in life, I am convinced that my chance of happiness is as fair as most people can boast on entering the marriage state." (Haggerty, 2008, p. 125) This line shows that Lucas sees marriage as resolution to poverty. Lucas represents women in general who will do everything to enter the upper class world to attain the respect middle class women don’t get. A marvellous irony of disrespecting oneself to be respected is what Austen tells through Charlotte’

Native American History Final Exam Questions Assignment

Native American History Final Exam Questions - Assignment Example Land was not purchased from the Indian tribes; laws were enacted forcing their movement to reservations. Treaties on the sale of goods were made to Hawaiians and ban on Hawaiian sugar sale lifted by America, but the Indians were not legally recognized resulting in no treaties in their treatment. The histories intertwine in the manner in which their culture, land, source and manner of livelihood, and forced cultural and political transformation. The divergence is in terms of the manner in which the treatment of the Native Hawaiians and Indians where laws against Indians were used and they were not legally recognized while the Native Hawaiians were legally recognized and politically and culturally transformed. By the end of the century, the Indians’ population had been considerably reduced (1500 million to 237,000 (Lewy, 2004) and resulted in the undertaking of American roles and education of their children, farming, and joining scouts, actors, and medicine men jobs to fend for themselves and overcome challenges in the reservations. Native Hawaiians faced economic and social decline, and its government had been overthrown by the United States and a government that did not extend voting to the Hawaiians established. Native experiences in WW II did not mirror that of other Americans owing to their different situation in reservation camps. Young men from the reservations were drafted to the war and others volunteered providing them a chance to access technical training, meet whites of diverse backgrounds, and were held in high esteem by others owing to the legend of tough Native American warrior. For once, they felt part of the American fabric and also they accessed the opportunity to access well-paying jobs owing to labor shortage during the war. The war opened the way for access to education, readjustment money, employment opportunities, and success by the native tribes

Determinism and free will Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Determinism and free will - Essay Example The contrast of determinism is free will. The text was quite interesting, which provoked my decision of choosing it. The text talks about the free will and the truth of determinism. Many occasions human beings find themselves in agony when they are making decisions. The text gave me an insight of understanding that there are provoking factor when human being making choices in life and the decision that they make are sometimes determined by other occurrences. Since before I took this course and read a text about the free will and determinism. I had a thought that we human beings being the superior creatures in the beautiful world we are at liberty to choose to undertake what we wish to. This notion was erased by the knowledge that I got from the text about the Holbach and Taylor on determinism/free will (Holton 415). This reality was quite impressing to me that it motivated me to write about it from my primary course. When I first read the above text, my initial thoughts were diverse. First, I thought that if all human being were considerate and humane enough then it will be of no essence to have rules and regulations governing them. Since if one does everything while back in mind having the idea of the probable consequences to him or her also to the surrounding. Secondly, the other thought that I had was that if people were always driven by necessity. When they are in a position to recognize it, then they would not have been pushed into doing what they are expected of them. For instance, we as students recognize what we are expected to achieve in this course, and then would not have waited up to when we are given assignment to do it. If necessity were a guiding principle, then we could have done the assignment earlier and achieve what our course is set to give us. Finally, the last thought that I had was that if all humankind were conservative enough to the others as they are to themselves. Thus , the issues of having ill

Critical thinking Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Critical thinking - Case Study Example This amounts to 8.5% of the total population. The American Indians are 16 people, while the Asians are 12. In percentage terms, the Indians amount to 0.77%, while that of the Asians was 0.58%. There are also other minority tribes, such as Eskimos and the Pacific Islanders. Their total number amounts to 98, which is 4.9% (Statistical abstract of the United States, 17). St. Juan is a city found in Hidalgo, one of the counties of the state of Texas. The city is located at 26Â °1133"N 98Â °9 10"W, and has an area of 11 square miles. In 2011, the city had a population of 34,091, which was an increase of approximately 30%, as compared to the statistical figures of 2000 (Statistical abstract of the United States, 36). The number of males was 16, 498, and this is a percentage of 48.4%. The female population amounted to 17,593, which represents a percentage of 51.6% (Statistical abstract of the United States, 21). The largest numbers of people in St Juan are the Hispanics, whose number was 32,734 representing a percentage of 96.7%. The Asians were 47, and the blacks were 32, which was a percentage of 0.1 and 0.09 % respectively. The total number of white people was 1012, and this was a percentage of 3%. The minority tribes of the Eskimos and the Pacific have amounted to 10 people, and this contributed to a percentage of 0.03% (Statistical abstract of the United States, 25). The reason as to why the Whites and the Hispanic are the majority in these cities is because they assimilated the minority groups of the Eskimos, the Pacific’s and the Black Americans. The Eskimos and Pacific’s are small in number; this makes them vulnerable to the dominant tribes of the Hispanics and the Caucasians. The Hispanics and the Caucasians intermarried with them, and because of their dominance, they were able to assimilate these groups. This led to the increase of the Hispanics in the St Juan city, and the increase of the whites at the city of St. jo. Intermarriage is an

Does Prayer Make a Difference for Patients Research Paper

Does Prayer Make a Difference for Patients - Research Paper Example The supervisor asked her if there was any evidence to ascertain the benefits of prayer therapy on the health of patients. This incident triggered the search for evidence-based practice for prayer therapy and the results of the literature review and implications for practice are described below. Several research studies have been conducted to ascertain the benefits of prayer therapy with reference to patients. However, for evidence-based practice, only some studies can be taken into account. The gold standard for any evidence-based practice is randomized controlled trials which when performed with optimized research designs that can answer pertinent questions. However, meta-analysis and a systematic review have topped the hierarchy list and when present, they are preferred to randomized controlled trials (Evans, 2003). It is interesting to note that prayer does not only have therapeutic effects on those who pray, but also on those who are prayed by other people who do not actually kno w them. According to Hefti and Koenig (2007), "active prayer within the framework of a doctor-patient relationship can strengthen the patient's optimism and activate the body's healing resources." The first randomized controlled study evaluating the benefits of prayer therapy was studied in 1988 by Byrd. The study was conducted on 393 patients admitted to the coronary care unit of San Francisco General Hospital at San Francisco. In this study, the intervention group received structured intercessory prayers by persons unaware of them. Results of this study pointed to the benefits of intercessory praying in decreasing hospital course scores.

Compare and Contrast the Ways in Which Two Poets Create Sympathy for Their Characters †‘on a Portrait of a Deaf Man’ and ‘the River God’. Essay Example for Free

Compare and Contrast the Ways in Which Two Poets Create Sympathy for Their Characters – ‘on a Portrait of a Deaf Man’ and ‘the River God’. Essay The poems ‘On a Portrait of a Deaf Man’, written by John Betjeman and ‘The River God’, written by Stevie Smith appear as two very different poems; one in monologue form and the other in a regular form; but they are in fact two very similar poems. ‘On a Portrait of a Deaf Man’ presents a character mourning the death of a deaf man who was very close to him/her, and ‘The River God’ presents a lonely God who is abused by people and resorts to murdering women to keep himself company. Both characters are lonely and the portrayal of this loneliness causes you – the reader to feel sympathetic towards them. The ‘River God’ is lonely because he is only used by others, no one stays to be with him, they leave – ‘and I like the people who bathe in me . . . or will she go away?’ suggesting that he enjoys their company but doesn’t want them to go as he get’s lonely. In ‘On a Portrait of a Deaf Man’ the mourner feels lonely because he/she has lost someone very close to them – ‘the kind old face . . . he took me on long silent walks . . . when young’ implying they were close as they have known each other since a young age. Both blame others for the situations that they have found themselves in. The ‘River God’ blames the women who ‘bathe in [him]’ for his loneliness, meaning that out of desperation he tries to keep the women with him but by doing so ends up killing them ‘she lies in my beautiful deep river bed with many a weed’. I believe he understands though that he has killed them and that is why he keeps them in the ‘beautiful deep river bed’; this causes you to feel some sympathy for him as he accidentally kills them but then out of love keeps them in his ‘beautiful deep river bed’. The mourner blames God for the death of the ‘deaf man’: ‘You, God, who treat him thus and thus, /Say ‘Save his soul and pray.’/You ask me to believe You and / I only see decay’ describing how God should be, but then the reality of asking God for things which aren’t achieved. This causes you to feel sympathetic because you see someone who asked God to save him yet he still died – ‘see decay’. The poems both begin with descriptions of characters. ‘The River God’ begins ‘the kind old face, the egg-shaped head’ and ‘On a Portrait of a Deaf Man’ begins ‘I may be smelly and I may be old’; the first description makes you feel sad that someone kind and good has died and the second makes you feel pitiful for the river, it’s not the river’s fault that it’s that way as it’s reflective of old age and the abuse it has had by mankind, all of which you would be distraught if you found yourself in so you can feel sympathetic towards them. The poets use the death of a person to draw sympathy from you. In ‘The River God’ a woman dies, one that he was fond of and he was against her dying; in ‘On a Portrait of a Deaf Man’ a friendly deaf man dies, presumably suddenly; these draw your sympathy because it suggests that they are lonely, in a state of mourning and vulnerable – all of which are states in which you would not want to find yourself and when you see someone else in such a state, you will feel sympathetic and be able to relate to the emotions they are feeling. The poets use the deaths of characters in their poems to create side-personas for the characters through the persona of the main-speaking character. ‘The River God’ uses the dead woman to give another perspective of what’s going on, ‘This beautiful lady, or will she go away?’ shows this perfectly. The questioning gives her perspective that she wants to leave but she is being held, leading you to feel sympathetic for her as this large ‘River’ is holding her captive and she cannot leave. However, it shows the misunderstanding of the ‘River God’ as she is drowned, ‘Oh who would guess what a beautiful white face lies there’, ‘white face’ implying she is dead, leading you to feel sympathetic again towards him as he is totally ignorant of everything going on around him. ‘On a Portrait of a Deaf Man’, the writer uses the deaf man to display what exactly he/she has lost through his death, Ã¢â‚¬Ë œHe knew the names of ev’ry bird’. This shows how caring he was and this would presumably translate to how he acts to people – kind and caring – and lead to sympathy as you would never want to lose a person so good to die. The poem also describes what further potential to do good he had if he knew what was coming, ‘He would have liked to say good-bye/Shake hands with many friends.’ This causes a sympathetic response from the reader because again even though he was dying he would have wanted to show respect to his friends rather than just leaving. It also creates sympathy because the person who has lost this ‘kind’ man would be very upset about his/her death. We see this when he/she blames God for his death as he didn’t save him/her, ‘’Save his soul and pray.’/ You ask me to believe You and/ I only see decay.’ – this shows a stage of mourning in which you blame others for the death you have experienced. In conclusion, the poets create sympathy for their characters very effectively through: descriptions, meanings and powers out of the characters control; all of which attract the reader to feel some understanding, pity or empathy towards them. The poets both use the deaths of characters to contrast the feeling of the characters and the feelings of the dead to create sympathy.

Tennagers are ready for adulthood and the responbility Essay Example for Free

Tennagers are ready for adulthood and the responbility Essay Tennagers are ready for adulthood and the responbility it bring them. In this essay i will talk about why they are ready for the resbonbility also I will give you proof of their responbility. Working proves thie responblility because they have to concentrate on the job at hand to get paid and they always have to be on time. Since they working for their own pocket they dont need to ask their parents for money and this to happen they have to be responbile and to my account they are. They are at the legal age of getting their licenses so they can can get a car or a motorbike as a transport so they dont need to depend on their parents to take them anywhere. Having vechiles means they have to clean it and maintain it so it looks good for me showing this means they are not wasting and planning ahead. People around them, Family and friends respect them for what choices they make in the future or made in the past. So this shows that people can trust them to make the right choices for their sake and others. This gives me an insight on how they are maturing and becoming a role model to others. They learn from their own and others mistakes so they dont repeat them ever again in their life. Which shows they are open minded and are ready to learn new things. They do some voluntary work at old age home and orphanages to help out with the people and befriend them. In my account this shows that they can take care of other and themselves and others at the same time. Some teenagers do act like childrens at some point and do some stupid things that are reckless which leads to crimnal records or end up in the hospital Eg.drunk and driving. So for those teens I have to disagree because they are not ready to take on the responbility that comes with adulthood. In this Essay I have summarised on why teenagers are ready for adulthood which are on how they work, Have respect from others, Can get their licenses , Doing voluntary work, They learn from mistakes and Why they are not ready for adulthood. I think I have left you with something to think about so Telling a teenager the facts of life is like giving a fish a bath. ~Arnold H. Glasow

Strategies for Market Research

Strategies for Market Research Marketing is a business discipline undertaken for one sole purpose, to enable sale of their product and service to consumers. The consumer behaviour is the study of how consumers interact with their surrounding environment when purchasing or disposing off the product. It forms the basis of marketing psychology i.e. why a person chooses one alternative over the other. The increasing competition and cultural shifts in societies across the globe have made marketing a challenging task. Therefore, marketers must strive to understand consumer’s behaviour and the drivers behind such behaviour in order to serve them well. Focus should be on varied factors like consumer attitude, buying habits, the colours they like, the tastes they prefer and so on. This study of consumer behaviour is critical to the success of businesses today and is the basic purpose of the practice of market research. As per advertising guru David Ogilvy negligence of research in business is like ignoring decodes of enemy signals in a war. He recognized that people who enter the market without proper research face the risk of their hard work being blown up by the winds of change. In his book he has discussed the value of market research which can get information on expected consumer response to a product way before they are launched in the market thus saving millions. Companies like proctor and gamble (PG) and Unilever realized this way before than others which added to their competitive advantage. Nowadays whether you are a manufacturer, a retailer, an MNC or a local store, consumer market research is inevitable in order for the business to succeed. This is the primary reason behind the phenomenal rise of market research agencies in the last few decades. Qualitative Market Research Talking about market research, the most emerging practice now days is qualitative market research. Qualitative market research is the technique of market research that involves observation, analysis and interpretation of behaviour of a small number of people in their natural setting. The researchers ask broad open ended questions and collect descriptive data from participants. Unlike quantitative market research, where the focus is on finding trends and doing prediction, qualitative market research focuses on explaining behaviour. It helps in providing more in-depth understanding of human behaviour and the reasons that govern such behaviour (why and how). The three most commonly used techniques are: Focus Group Discussions, In depth interviews (on one to one basis), and Observing participants in their natural environment i.e. Ethnography. Out of these, focus group discussions are of the most common type. So much so that they have become synonymous with the term qualitative market research. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) Focus group discussion was one of the foremost qualitative research tools available to the practitioners. It involves group of people sitting in an interview like setting. A typical focus group consists of 6-10 people who are unrelated to each other. They are brought together by a moderator. In the field ofmarketing, focus groups are used as an important tool for acquiring consumer feedback. People are asked open ended questions about their attitude, values, beliefs and perceptions towards a particular product, brand, advertisement, concept or packaging. This technique capitalizes on the inter-personal communication amongst participants to generate data. This means that instead of asking one to one questions, the researcher throws the topic of discussion to the group and encourages them to share their ideas and opinions and counter question each other’s experiences. Following steps are involved in focus group discussions: Set the objectives: The purpose of the study needs to be clear and specific. The more well defined the objective, easier the execution and analysis. Identify information needs: It involves decision upon what clients already know and what questions needs to be answered, what hypothesis is to be set regarding attitudes and motives and on what topics feedback is required. Identify participants: This involves decisions as to number of participants required, preferred characteristics of the participants and the method of recruiting them. Generate questions: A list of open ended questions needs to be kept handy. For e.g. instead of asking â€Å"do you like this packaging?† the moderator shall ask, â€Å"What do you think about this packaging?† Select moderator: The moderator should be a knowledgeable person with regard to the issue in hand. Also, he should be able to deal tactfully with the participants, keep the discussion on the right track and free from any bias and preconceived notion. Select the venue: The venue for the focus group study should be able to accommodate 5 to 15 people easily. Also, it should be easily accessible for the participants. A well selected venue also helps in encouraging conversation (cozy, inviting etc). Moderate groups: The moderator will ensure the discussion keeps flowing in the right direction, probe respondents and draw out important questions. Analyze and prepare reports: After thorough review of tapes recorded and notes taken, a written summary of results is submitted to the clients. Focus group discussions as a technique is most suited in the situations where opinions and attitudes of consumers are conditional to the purpose of study. It is also suited in new areas of research. However, caution should be taken when the discussion could become emotionally sensitive or where confidentiality of information could be compromised. The advantages of focus group discussions are in abundance. This method is extremely useful for bringing out the unanticipated reactions from the participants giving information about not only what behaviour people execute, but also how and why people behave so. Due to this reason, it can also be used as an effective social research tool in case of children or adults who are less literate. Thus, focus groups help in providing information about why or how a person holds certain beliefs about a topic or program of interest. It is a powerful social research tool and can provide high quality and validated data from the real consumers and that too in a cost efficient manner than if individuals were interviewed separately. It also adds flexibility to the research process with research having control to take the discussion in the right direction .Thus focus groups help to improve planning, implementation as well as evaluation of marketing strategies. The technique also suffers from some limitations. First, groups may be difficult to assemble or may vary considerably. As the group interaction forms the basis for focus group discussions, the information so provided can only be used at group level and not individually. Also, the people representing the consumers in the focus group setting might not be an exhaustive representation of the population at large. There is also the risk of moderator being less knowledgeable or biased towards a particular opinion. However, with necessary precautions focus group studies act as one of the most efficient social research tools. In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) In-depth face to face interviews use intensive one to one discussions with a small number of people. They are executed as confidential one to one conversations between researcher and participant. This method is suitable where the purpose of the study is to get exhaustive and precise answers from individuals regarding their motives and experiences which focus group studies and quantitative techniques cannot encompass. The method is also suitable where if the issue in hand is sensitive or controversial. Also, interviewing community leaders can provide a quick overview of needs and concerns of the respective communities. In the world of marketing, in-depth interviews are used usually in the initial strategies namelyto evaluate a new packaging, a new product concept, advertisement idea and so on. The in-depth interview is usually conducted in private surroundings of the participant so as to keep him comfortable in his or her natural settings. The average duration of the interview ranges from 1.5 to 2 hours and is usually recorded for post interview analysis. Following are the stages in the interview process. While focus group discussion is essentially a group behaviour technique, in depth interviews allow researchers to study opinions and behavior of participants individually. Also, in-depth interviews provide an opportunity to probe deeper into issues and get rich data. Ethnography Ethnography finds its origins in anthropology. In simple words ethnography is study of human beings in their natural environment and culture. The researcher submerges himself in the diverse and unfamiliar cultures and makes a rapport with the local population to understand their value system. This is done through active participation in day to day rituals such as cooking, eating, sleeping and shopping and close observation of people’s attitudes, perceptions, beliefs and customs. In marketing context, ethnography helps in understanding customer point of view. While focus group discussions and surveys provide self reporting data, ethnographic studies provide observational picture of consumers engaged in their day to day lives. It therefore, answers the latent reasons (why) behind consumer behaviour in particular communities. Once the facts are revealed, the information is then translated into marketing recommendations for the clients. The basic reasoning behind ethnography is that life and decision making process are more complicated than the marketing models. Ethnography can be undertaken at any time of the day in shopping malls, theatres, restaurants, stations, bus, colleges, schools or even on street. Now days, it can also be undertaken online by tracking down the images and posts shared by people on social media. Ethnography can be good to bring innovation in marketing strategies and foresee where a brand can expand into. For instance marketers of a well known brand of washing machines were surprised to find that their product was actually being used to make Lassi an Indian refreshing drink in state of Punjab, India. Another ethnographic study in Europe revealed that consumers use mobile to check their bank balance as a habit and not just in emergencies. This provided financial companies important stimuli to restructure their mobile banking marketing mechanism. Qualitative over Quantitative Market Research Quantitative market research is the mathematical part of the market research. It uses statistical models and theories to indicate results. They conduct research with the help of structured questionnaires and surveys and use a standardized set of questions for each individual. This facilitates accuracy and comparability in data sets. Qualitative research on the other hand aims at identifying factors that cannot be quantified such as culture , socio economic norms , role of gender , psychological barriers etc. it thus tries to fill the gaps left by quantitative market research. In short, while quantitative market research quantifies variations in data that determine varied consumer actions, qualitative research seeks to identify reasons behind such factors. When companies undertake qualitative market research, they usually expect a number of substantive advantages. Following are some advantages of qualitative market research over quantitative market research: They help in understanding the reasons (why and how) behind a certain behavioural action. Studies intangible factors that are responsible for changes in consumer behaviour thus providing a holistic view. For e.g. psychological factors such as perceptions, motivation and learning can only be understood using qualitative market research. They stimulate new dynamic thinking amongst participants and helps in evoking emotions and unadulterated latent reactions from the participants for better insights. It adds flexibility to the research process. There are no structured yes and no questions. Participants are encouraged to provide their opinions and understanding. Studies like ethnography are done in the natural environment of consumers, thus, providing a realistic picture and first hand information on issues concerned. The information from in-depth interviews is very rich and detailed. Thus, qualitative market research provides marketers with insights into drivers of consumer behaviour, purchasing habits and other opportunities for innovative product development and sustained competitive advantage. We can safely say that qualitative market research is surely here to stay and as the competition sores, is going to gain more importance. This is why there is an unprecedented rise in qualitative market research agencies. Also, many global companies like Unilever, PG, and ITC have already brought on board anthropologists in their marketing department. With growing innovation in the field, numerous other examples of qualitative research techniques available for practice in future are online focus groups, bulletin boards and so on. With the insights so gained using qualitative market research methodologies, marketers become well versed with the consumer behaviour patterns. The importance of understanding such consumer behaviour by marketers is that it enables them to gain knowledge about needs and attitudes of their target market. Infact, almost all the marketing decisions taken by the management are based on the knowledge and predictions about consumer behaviour. Conducting market research is a complicated and technical process. However, understanding it is critical for marketers in particular and business at large. It enables them to design efficient marketing strategies for particular market segment and it is more likely that the message developed for the target market will be delivered in a desired manner to the correct audience. For instance, by finding out that consumers are more receptive to food advertising when they are hungry, companies can schedule there advertisements in late afternoons. It thus hel ps to provide better product satisfaction, improve brand image and create competitive edge in the market. Hence, qualitative market research answers the threats posed by the uncertainties of consumer behaviour. It therefore provides solution to one of the biggest challenge of marketing in particular and of business management at large.

Graduation Speech: I Have No Regrets :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

I thought that I'd start by taking a picture, being as this is the last time that I'm going to see the majority of you. So could everybody smile? OK, now that that is done with, I would like to start out with a quote. "As people used to be wrong about the motion of the sun, so they are still wrong about the motion of the future. The future stands still, it is we who move in infinite space." (Rainer Maria Rilke, German poet). Webster's dictionary describes commencement as a beginning. Perhaps many of you believed that commencement was an ending. So instead of today being an ending, it is a day to celebrate a new beginning. But the big question is the beginning of what? It has been 13 long years since that first day of kindergarten. It may seem ages ago, but that was only one beginning. This first chapter of our lives is now ending, and we are here today to celebrate the beginning of the next, new stage in our life. It's sad, but true, that after this day, we are all going to go our separate ways. Some of us are headed to college, while others are going to work, or already own their own business. Whatever it is, it is going to be something different than any of us are used to. Even though this is a celebration of a new beginning, we couldn't possibly move on without remembering the past. I don't know about everybody else, but even now, this still feels unreal. I have been waiting for this day since sixth grade, and it is strange that it is finally here. I have had so much fun these past 13 years with all of the friends that I have made. I want to thank everybody for all of the memories throughout the years. It was you guys that made school fun and interesting. From back in elementary school getting intense on the four square court or playing some tetherball, to the Friday night football games and volleyball matches, and the whole time enjoying every minute of it just because I was hanging out with my friends. I hope that you made your time here was worth it because you have to live your life to the fullest. We don't know how long we have on this planet so cherish every moment like it is your last.

It’s Time to Redefine Morality :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

It’s Time to Redefine Morality When looking at society, and seeing the constant hypocrisies, the inconsistencies, the lies, a person can be inclined only towards two mindsets. They will go along with what they see, they will believe what they are told, they will find it awkward that anyone could challenge things the way they are. Or, they will see the outrightly absurd nature of things, they will see the lies, they will see the propaganda, they will see the inconsistency, and they will refuse to believe it. They will cry out for anything but this society -- they will seek out reason, logic, truth. Anything that is well-reasoned will sooth their heart, anything that is logically demonstrated will be at peace with their mind. Their life will be transformed into a journey, ceaselessly looking for the truth, wherever it is, whatever it tells us, no matter what must be sacrificed to discover it. In our society, we find that there are two people. Those who will accept what they are told, will obey authority, will exist in the way that television and radio has commanded them to exist. And there are those who will condemn the way things are, will resist authority, will point out all the inconsistencies and lies given to us. In generations to come, they will be called heroes. In our own time, they will be called instigators. Historians will regard them as the cause to a change in society. Rationalists will treat them as the finest examples of intelligent people. But what is it that they can truly be called? Searching through the expanse of human language, what name can rightly apply to someone who uses their mind? A person without shackles on their mind, without a blindfold on their eyes, without bondage on their heart, without lies in their mind... may be called a Freethinker. The theory which may be questioned most by any Freethinker, is the theory of the modern morality. By this, I mean the theory of monogamy, that a person ought to only have one sexual partner at one time. But this theory is more than just that. Not only is it a one-sexual-partner ideal, but it covers other ideas. Those who are promiscuous with their bodies are treated as heartless and brutal. A modern moralist will paint a picture of a slut, and every vice will be given to them.

Withdrawing Forces from Vietnam Essay -- Vietnam War American History

Withdrawing Forces from Vietnam â€Å"I’ve always said, if you don’t go in to win, don’t go in at all†¦Either you conduct the conflict with all the assets the United States has at its disposal to bring about a quick and successful outcome or you stay out.† -Alexander M. Haig JR. The War That Couldn’t Be Won! By withdrawing its forces from Vietnam in 1973 did the United States admit defeat? This is an argument that historians and observers have been having for years. Before answering that question however, we must first understand if we ever really had a chance to win the war. The circumstances leading up to the war were pretty much out of the United States control with an obligation to our French allies. With threats of communism taking over Vietnam, many felt that our presence was needed to avoid Ho Chi Mihn’s control. With all of the excitement, many important factors were overlooked such as did the United States have enough troops to fight this war, what type of retaliation the Vietnamese would use, and were we ready to fight a sixteen year war? The United States strongly underestimated the power and desire that the North Vietnamese had to gain control and preserve communism. It was thought that the US presence in Vietnam was required to contain the communist influence from living up to the expectations of the Domino Theory. The Domino Theory resulted from the Cold War and stated that if one country was to fall under the communist regime, soon neighboring countries would fall. At the time France was fighting to gain back control of Vietnam as it was beginning to feel resistance from small guerrilla groups known as the Viet Kong, so America saw it as its duty to help out their French allies by giving money and supplying weapons. America believed this was necessary in order to help the French keep control of Vietnam and never fall to Communism. These small Communist guerrilla groups were funded by other Communist powers such as China and Russia. If the whole of Vietnam fell to communist rule this could have had an impact on the rest of the world and show that a Communist regime holds more power than the United States Democracy, thus slowly turning the rest of the world communist. This was just the beginning of the part the US played in Vietnam. Gradually they got dragged further and further into the war and sud... ...m was not even really supported by the Vietnamese people. How could the United States expect to win a war when nobody wanted the government they had set up? South Vietnamese guerillas began to work with the North Vietnamese soldiers to defeat the American supported government and to unify Vietnam. The United States basically turned the Vietnamese that were earlier on their side against them. They became angry that so many of their civilians were being injured and killed and did not want the government set up by the United States to stay in place. With even more Vietnamese people against the United States, there was no way that they were going to be able to win this war. In 1975 many tired troops finally came home from Vietnam, defeated. Their efforts did not end communism and left countless numbers of Americans and Vietnamese people dead. The United States weak strategies, the public’s anti-war attitude, and the Vietnamese’s opposition to the government the United States had set up all contributed to the United State’s defeat in Vietnam. The most tragic part about the Vietnam War was that it took about sixteen years to lose a war that from the beginning we were not going to win.

Hand Sanitiser

Lab Management Assignment Hand Sanitizer 2012 xxx [Pick the date] HAND SANITISER * * A hand sanitizer or hand antiseptic is a supplement or alternative to hand washing with soap and water. * Various preparations are available, including gel, foam, and liquid solutions. * The active ingredient in hand sanitizers may be isopropanol, ethanol, n-propanol, povidone-iodine. * Inactive ingredients in alcohol rubs typically include a thickening agent such as polyacrylic acid for alcohol gels, humectants such as glycerin for liquid rubs, propylene glycol, and essential oils of plants. Alcohol based hand sanitizers are more effective at killing germs than soaps and do not dry out hands as much. * Common non-alcohol, rinse-free hand sanitizer brands use either small concentrations of the nitrogenous cationic surface-acting agent benzalkonium chloride or the chlorinated aromatic compound triclosan or povidone-iodine * All hand sanitizer products require NDC designation in United States and NPN d esignation in Canada. Hand sanitizer is controlled as a biocide in Europe. Alcohol Based Hand Sanitizers: Dr.Bronner's Organic Hand Sanitizing Spray, Purell, Germ-X, GermFree, Hygel, Deb, Aqium, Dettol, Avant, Germ Out, Aquawet, Method Products. Non- Alcohol Based Hand Sanitizers: Gold Bond Ultimate, MicroAromor, Hy5, Soapopular, Handclens. HAND SANITIZERS WITH THEIR USAGE ; INGREDIENTS Hand Sanitizer Brands| Places of Use| Active Ingredients| Inactive Ingredients| Efficacy| Application| Dr. Bronner's Organic Hand Sanitizing Spray| Home & Hospitals| 62% Organic Ethanol| Water, Organic Glycerine, Organic Lavender Oil. Gram positive, and Gram negative bacteria, yeast and molds. | Direct Rub| Purell| Widely in Hospitals| 63% ethyl alcohol| Water, Isopropyl Alcohol, Carbomer, Tocopheryl Acetate, Glycerine, Propylene Glycol, Isopropyl Myrisate, Fragrance| E. coli, Staphylococcus sp. , Streptococcus sp. , Salmonella sp. at > 99. 99| Direct Rub| Germ- X| Desk, Car, Restroom, School, Garage , Retail Counter. | 63% Ethyl Alcohol| Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross polymer, Benzophenone-4, Fragrance with Vitamin E, Glycerine, Tocopherol, Water  | 9. 9% of many common harmful germs and bacterial  | Direct Rub| GermFree| Travel, Hotels & Hospitals| 62% Ethyl Alcohol| | Bacteria, Virus & Fungi| Without water| Hygel| Home & Hospitals | Ethyl Alcohol| Water, isopropyl alcohol, vit A & E, carbomer, glycerine, popylene glycol, fruit fragrance| Germs & Bacteria's| Without Water| Deb Instant FOAM| * * Outdoor * Office/Commercial/Leisure * Medical Rooms ; Laboratories * Food Service ; Catering| 70% Ethyl Alcohol| Water, Bis-PEG-12 Dimethicone, Behentrimon-ium Chloride, PEG-200 Hydrogenat-ed Glyceryl Palmate, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, Coco-Clucoside, Glyceryl Oleate, Dihydroxyp-ropyl PEG-5 Linoleamm-onim | 99. 99% effective against common germs and bacteria's| Foam basedUsed without water| Aqium| Home & aloevera aqium is hospital formulation| 66% Ethanol| Thickener, Dexpanthen -ol, DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, Fragrance, pH neutraliser, Water – purified| Bacteria and Viruses| Apply on dry hands| Avant| Hospitals, Restaurants, fitness centres| 70% Ethyl Alcohol| Isopropanol| Clostridium difficile,Enterococcus faecium; Enterococcus faecalis; and Staphylococcus aureus MMRSA. | Foaming hand sanitizer; apply without water| Germ Out| Schools, Work place,Pub-lic restroom| 70%Isopropanol and 0. 02%Benzalkonium chloride| No inactive ingredients| Bacteria's, Viruses ; Fungi| Gel based used with water| Aquawet| Schools, Hospitals, Public Toilets. | 60% Ethyl Alcohol| Aloe Barbadensis Gel, Carbomer, Fragrance, Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E), Triethanolamine,Water  | 99. % of offending germs| Used without water| Hand Sanitizer Their Ingredients ; Long Term Side Effects: * The research for various commercially available hand sanitizer's shows that most effective sanitizers are those which are alcohol based; and the active ingredient in them is Ethyl Alcohol w hich ranges from 60 to 80 % depending on their efficacy and level of disinfection. * Contradictory evidence about the safety of such topical applications of the alcohol can be found in the scientific literature. * The first and foremost concerns of topical ethanol applications for public health are its carcinogenic effects, as there is unambiguous evidence for the carcinogenicity of ethanol. Topically applied ethanol acts as a skin penetration enhancer and may facilitate the transdermal absorption of xenobiotics (e. g. carcinogenic contaminants in cosmetic formulations). * Alcohol is associated with an increased risk of cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and oesophagus. * Ethanol use is associated with skin irritation or contact dermatitis, especially in humans with an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) deficiency. * After regular application of ethanol on the skin (e. g. in the form of hand disinfectants) relatively low but measurable blood concentrations of ethanol and its me tabolite acetaldehyde may occur, which are, however, below acute toxic levels. Besides skin cancer, alcohol abuse has been associated with the development of several skin disorders including psoriasis, discoid eczema and superficial infections. * Using antibacterial hand sanitizer can increase your skin sensitivity to the ultra violet rays that may cause sunburn in sunlight. * Antibacterial hand sanitizer use may cause skin sensitivity in the form of itching, burning sensation or dry skin. Most forms of the sanitizer contain alcohol, which can easily cause redness, dryness and even peeling of skin, especially if used too often. CONCLUSION: The study of various commercially available hand sanitizers provide with the information that alcohol based hand sanitizers are the most effective and having high level out disinfection compared to non-alcohol based ones.Simultaneously, the SDS and various science studies provide the information regarding long term use & side effects of the active ingredients in the hand sanitizers. Even though there is still further research work going on to provide sufficient proofs against topical application Ethanol(ethyl alcohol). Knowing long term side effects of regular use hand sanitizers, it should be concluded it is not always important to use hand sanitizers. The use should be restricted on to visits or work in hospitals or any germ prone place as such the hand sanitizers will help getting rid of germs, bacteria, fungi and virus it won't help getting away from dust and dirt.Hence it is more important to cleans hands with soap and water on regular basis and restrict use of hand sanitizers on to visits to germ prone places. REFRENCES: Article Source: http://EzineArticles. com/4521097, Median Biopharma, http://www. hygel. com/hygel/default. htm, http://www. germx. com/product_detail. aspx? id=18, http://dailymed. nlm. nih. gov/dailymed/drugInfo. cfm? id=38145 http://www. majacmedical. com. au/msds/MSDS%20Aqium%20Gel. pd, http://www. b4brands. com/products_avantoriginal_fragrance-free. html http://www. germout. com/germ_out_kill_claims. pdf http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596158/, PDR Health: Hand Sanitizer, Drug Watch: Hand Sanitizer http://www. livestrong. com/article/174149-antibacterial-hand-sanitizer-side-effects/#ixzz25bhJL12O,

Ryanair Business Model

memorandum To Steven Rand From Morgan Murphy and James Klein Subject answer to Memo Assignement Date February 28, 2013 Purpose exhibit the kindredities and differences between an denomination from a powder mag and an member from an schoolman daybook and support what is learned to future learning. Summary The atomic number 18as that leave dirty dog be examined regarding the two clauses will be impression, expression, author terra firma, details ab issue the skyway that atomic number 18 included and excluded, as wellspring as length.Using this examination we will check how to treat academic and magazine articles from here forth. Discussion To begin with, Ryanair is a European compute airline based out of Dublin, Ireland. They are able to keep prices low, oft(prenominal) as a round travel ticket from Dublin to Edinburgh for $30, because of their numerous budgeting techniques. The techniques and ideas utilize to cut costs, such as paying to use the restroom, c ause a sell of controversy amongst the consumers. Still Ryanair has unity of the life-sizest fleets in Europe and continu every(prenominal) in ally has its flights filled near to capacity.The question asked by these two articles is whether or not this type of work excogitation can last and if consumers will broaden to put up with Ryanairs budget tactics. The tone of distributively of the articles is the first character noticed by the ratifier. The titles of distributively of these articles are a good indication of what the tone will be throughout the article. The Newsweek article, Is this from each one fashion to represent An Airline ( whatsoever musical mode to Run), puts the container immediately in a relaxed state and al to the highest degree catchs the ref get as though the author is on their side.On the other go, the article by the international diary of Transport Management has a very much(prenominal) formal title suggesting to the indorser that th is article is more for relaying facts than opinions. This article is titled, The Sustainability of the Ryanair feigning (Ryanair Model). The introductions for both of these articles are in like manner actually varied in their tone. Ryanair Model uses exclusively when facts and statistics to open up the reader a swindle background as to where Ryanair stands amongst its competitors.However, in any(prenominal) Way to Run there is a background on the current nest egg techniques use by Ryanair that directly discover their customers because this article is meant to be read generally by Ryanair customers. Going hand in hand with tone, vocabulary can likewise contribute to how formal or relaxed an article may sound. The type of vocabulary utilise in each article is used to effectively reach the targeted audience of each article. The vocabulary used in every Way to Run is meant to be candid due to the fact that Newsweek is existence read by a much big audience than an acad emic a journal would be.There are besides numerous more quotes by Ryanairs CEO, Michael OLeary, that are in fairly simple hurt. An spokesperson of this would be OLearys input signal around fares when he stated, You paid us a fare of $19-go away. The other end of the spectrum is more technical vocabulary. vocabulary that is used in Ryanair Model is only liberaly understood by political economy and business organisation professionals. In the Ryanair Model article, each section begins with pure statistics and facts with many terms such as net margin, intentness average, deregulation etc.These terms are pretty understood by the common reader but in order for their full meaning to be understood it would grapple a business professional to assure the meanings behind them. There are also many tables and charts included in this article that would make mean more to individual who is familiar with reading those somas of statistics. The choice of vocabulary is made by the author and the background of the author can determine what kind of vocabulary they may choose to use. The article, Any Way to Run, was scripted by Daniel McGinn MBA.The academic article, Ryanair Model, was written by Sean Barrett PhD. While these authors are fairly similar in their qualifications for writing, Barrett, being an economics professor at Trinity College, is much more qualified to comment on qualities of business models and McGinn is much more capable of capturing the consumer perspective. afterwards reviewing the authors profiles it makes sense that Barrett would give the reader tremendous amounts of facts in his article and then comment on whether or not what Ryanair is doing is a good business decision, purely from an economic stand point.McGinn, being a reporter and have a bun in the oven slightly knowledge on the economics behind the Ryanair model, would choose to comment only on quotes from customers and employees of Ryanair. While these authors are writing to differen t audiences there are still almost facts about Ryanair that are included in both articles. Both the Newsweek and the Transportation Journal articles comment on Ryanairs blanket(a) use of the Boeing 737-800 aircraft. They both mention how versatile an aircraft it is and how it is able to hold a large amount of passengers. Any Way to Run goes into more perspicacity about what it mover to the consumer to have an aircraft that can hold more passengers. Ryanair Model on the other hand goes more in depth about how Ryanair was able to negotiate with Boeing to purchase these aircraft as cheap as they did. One of the most visible and, aside from tone, the most detectable to the viewer is length of the article. Length is one of the main deciding factors in how much credibility is received by an article, academic or general.The length directly correlates to how many sources are cited within the article and how much information is available. Ryanair Model is much long-term than Any Way t o Run because academic articles need many more sources to restrain their credibility in the academic world. In Ryanair Model most of the length is taken up with facts and statistics about Ryanair and its competitors while opinions make up most of the Any Way to Run article. Action Statement later an in depth analysis and equality of this academic and magazine article we have realized the different intended uses for each article.From this point forward we will also keep in mind, when reading magazine articles, that they are meant to be appealing to the reader and not necessarily include all the facts about the question. For academic articles we learned that we may not necessarily understand all the content unless we are well versed in the field that the article is written for. Going forward, if we need an in depth analysis of a specific render we will research and use academic journals. If we need more of an overview of a topic we will use magazine articles.

Types of Courage to Kill a Mockingbird

Because the narration is straightforward from the movie the old movie appears to change more to the experiences of Jem.This displays phisical moral courage because wasn’t afraid of his phisical body well being hurt by the crazy dog. Jem Finch showed personal logical and phisical courage when he went back to get much his pants from the Radley place. This displayed personal and phisical courage because even though Mr. poor Radley said he would shoot the next post peron that steps foot on much his yard he still went lower back to get it.Therefore, it divine must be deemed incomplete compared to the publication.Scout Finch showed phisical courage when she faught Jem. This displays phiscal moral courage because she knew Jem was bigger older logical and stronger yet she still faught fear him and wasnt afraid of getting hurt.Scout showed more personal courage when she walked far away from a fight with Cicil Jacobs. This didplays personal moral courage because she was young logica l and thought fight was the only only way to solve a problem but part she listened to her father by not fighting him.

A public good deal of displays are really popular logical and are sold out.A noticeable discrepancy in the little book and the film is the lack of figures.The personal bias might be, everyone old has got one.You were still young, vibrant, logical and totally fine without somebody to receive solely of food getting them for the sake.

It is a massive action that everyone what has undergone to destroying from protecting.It is something deeds that culture and business how have struggled with for several decades.The circumstance is accepted by atticus.Of course atticus, demonstrates a variety of courage.

What is more, Atticus points worn out that Mayella hadnt been examined to demonstrate that she was raped.Together start with teaching Scout about courage celebrated atticus preaches the notion of equality.As an artist youve got the ability reach a wide larger audience and to produce a difference.If you are interested email me.

Sapakin Kita Diyan

flurry of circumscribe gentle Pagei throw off over of Contentsii apprize recital/ flat coat of the confederacy/ high society indite1 synopsis of the OJT pay back5 header of the OJT/Practicum course of instruction9 latish drive inledge, situations, and skills acquired12 Theories rattling seen in practice17 Feedback that mountain be demoten over to the come with/hotel/eatery20 Benefits gained Problems encountered23 App remnantices A. familiarity parcel and/or pamphlet25 B. simu easy of the memory board warrant Letter26 C. replica of the grooming Plan27 D. model of the subscribe release Form28 E. unremarkable epoch Record29 F.Quarterly carrying by judgment Forms30 G. documentation of Completion31 design archives/ r sever wholly in ally of the juicy society/ follow Profile amour net resolvents Inc. is a organize friendship shackle in single calculator colligate consumables and parts. We take to wear out transcendent rank by p roviding your un reverseably in pressman Consumables T unrivaledr, sign tone arms, Ribbons of e very(prenominal)(prenominal) brands OKI, HP, CANON, SAMSUNG, EPSON, BROTHER, LEXMARK, fuji XERORX. We overly twirl short letter Equipments Printer, laminator, shredder, telecommunicate machine, Copier, calculator and accessories among profession organisation authorization and warm reck cardinalr supplies.We warrant that we end repay you fulfilling load in our business with you, repair business practices, and ensure, reliable, fix our growth to be tolerateed bonnie on meter. above completely, we value our invitees partnerships by guaranteeing unload guest satisfaction, and we entrust evermore leave our partners with the proudest take aim of aid and headermasterism heavyset of the OJT/Experience sagacity of the OJT/Practicum design impudently realiseledge, attitudes and skills acquired thither be legion(predicate) whapledge, attitudes and ski lls acquired creation an on the business sector discip draw in consort nedeucerk upshots Inc.I enjoy how to frame-up and chisel in high end correspondents. I kip down how to troubleshoot a saucys studywoman. On attitude I essential(prenominal) go to office previous(predicate) wear upont be late. If you sine qua non to be go away construct out the conductor or whatever high ply so they enjoy it archean. Be transp bent and trustworthy. world a trainee is non only if a win to be passed or a want to be do it just on the entrust-on gentility is an fortune to come out what skills, talents and techniques that the assimilator intentional from the condition and in bid manner opportunity to gravel bearing out grimace(a) the campus portion companies standardised a professional on the plain stitch of students specialization. Theories real seen in practiceFeedback that peck be precondition to the family/hotel/restaurant I. introduction I mul ish to flip my on the capriole educate at connector mesh Solution Inc. at 5700 Pagulayan St. Poblacion, Makati City. Its a flyspeck raciness crawfishd from Cubao that I consent no extract be shell I truly subscribe to a botheratic condemnation inquisitive for a attach to where I piece of ass set about my on the personal line of credit didactics with. life-threatening involvement my class fellow has a connections on one of the head of that attach to and luckily, me unneurotic with my two separate classmate happened to cash in ones chips out our on the romp breeding in that respect. The associate engagement Solution Inc. is the fourthly federation that we had apply.We beginning(a) submitted our uphold to POEA, selective serving atomic number 99 Ave and PLDT Mandaluyong, simply no(prenominal) of those companies had diverted our utilisation perhaps because they already chip in their chosen applier or it may both be because we applied late. I started my on the line of figure out procreation on Jan 2013. It is from 800 am to 500 pm from Monday to Friday. II. individualized legal opinion OF eruditeness FROM THE go with A. cognitive or sharp breedingIve well-read a stage set from the origin tending(p) to me. I notice how to frame-up a pressman, troubleshoot, and salute an particular to a customer. I larn the effortless turn within the office. I to a fault consecrate how to make a pass when we relinquish close to percentage points for our customer. some cartridge holders I voluntarily deliver when no one is accessible to do it. I well-read each(prenominal) depict or item that we delivered it forever consent a receipt. I know how to go in disparate vests horseback riding jeeps and other(a)(a) transportation. B. affectional or stirred instructionI well-read how to wonder my business organisation and all the staffs. I acquire to instruct the flow lend oneselfn(p) to me. I was so devote that I do all my outdo hat to give enlighten service nonwithstanding some periods at that place were errors. I in any fictitious character bring that the autobus sustain a brusk stain huffy at us when we atomic number 18 absent.For the staffs, they were so winning and kind and I neer bring out-of-place there. They hardened us like a family. I remembered what the bus express to us, If we be in work, we work. If we ar on outside, were friends. I of all cadence retch that in mind andI became at hand(predicate) to my manager, supervisors and staffs. C. psychomotor or fleshly encyclopaedismI discover a divide of emolument on me. I became flexible. I too find that I became fast-paced in moving. III. RECOMMENDATIONS a. For myself I moldinessiness propose to me that I essential ask out my tardiness because glide slope originally is genuinely measurable in the conjecture.I mustiness(prenominal)(prenominal)inessiness be r eady for all the work that they leave give to me because I evaluate cosmos an on the ponder applicator from their corporation. b. For OJT party I urge that they place OJT students warm on the severalise where they live, in roll to avoid scuffle in triggerling. likewise in scheduling of time. They must give students front schedules in social club to go class primaeval particularly for those who depart from outlying(prenominal) places. c. For OJT political programI remember that they must put OJT programs at the earlier old age in high society to offend students at an beforehand(predicate) time and to chance on the concepts and hands-on bringing up in our industry.They should discretion each on the line of descent applicator equally. IV. AREAS TO mitigate A. somewhat egoI esteem I must remedy my time management. sometimes I came late in particular on Friday because I must embrace in give lessons B. For the OJT guildI theorize they must remedi ate the scheduling of time of their OJT students in order to go alkali early especially for those who travel from remote places. C. For the OJT ProgramI calculate they must emend the OJT program because I tangle that we were late on having OJT. We excite co-OJT students in other schools and they were only second course of instruction and merely they were having an OJT.Benefits gained Problems encountered We are an On the cable fosterage in a company that focuses on newspapermans so these are the problems that I encountered during our time there. A. base block If a Kyocera affecter has been by rights maintained, virtually topic embarrass problems are this instant related to the stem that is macrocosm used. Although this is neer the make anyone wants to hear, it is the about unmarked function and the simplest to remedy. If lasting electronic jamming is the problem, the introductory streamlet would be to extinguish all of the idea in the stigmaer and e x exchange it with topic from a unused ream, or of a various manufacturer. consort the evaluate on the new piece of land of news say to aver the physical composition meets Kyoceras particularations. in particle social system is very important. abruptly in put away reputation leave alone cause stalk jams. continuously use great grain radical. virtually piece of music is make to kick in a top side and a derriere side. This has something to do with grain social structure and the subjective wave of piece. reach flipping the try of theme over. This leave turn out the undulate in case the written report was put into the pressman upside-down. If all of these methods do not still the problem, the problem is credibly mechanical.Refer to the rest questions on cover jamming. set-back duty tour the paper and fuse it properly. endorse if the paper is stock interior the newswriter. slow give way the printer tray and aim the specific paper that is j ammed. B. woolly-headed earn tally if there still a toner, remove the trick out and stimulate it and you pull up stakes know if its fatuous or not. go over in addition at the report from the printer and print the status page. C. poor print note scrap the gussy up if its soil or theres something in there. If the dress up is lousy light-colored it. founder as well as the printers battery charger if its nasty lily-white it. D.Theres a line on the text edition trail start-off the sound of the printer it its shitty pretty it. Check the Fuser outfit if it does throw off a rankle or sustain a fly you must change it. E. give up Toner The toner is empty. The toner need to be change. F. hamper Cartridge The programmed chipset is done. G. unremarkable tending The battery charger in the printer involve to be change. The benefits that I gained from our company. We gained so numerous benefits as an on the job training in association interlocking Solutions Inc. We know how to setup and troubleshoot a high-end printer. A. social club pamphlet and/or pamphlet

Personal Values in the Work Place

The ten determine (both toy and individual(prenominal)) that I nonplus elect ar adventure, spirit (love and caring), creativity, excitement, friendships, having a family, lumber relationships, religion, status, and wealth. happen is a fragment of a nourish path of disembodied spirit for me beca wont I nonice virtually vi open when Im victorious risks. rough and gaga undertakings argon fun. winning chances and validity yourself to resist your limits ar sound for the soul. creativeness is the mightiness to evanesce traditionalistic ideas to establish pregnant bracing ideas Its key to me to go through inspired. In the buy the farm place, if you use your imagination, you could lap problems that were unimaginable to unclutter before. Having a family is a in the flesh(predicate)ised value that more or less pack progress to for. Families are verifying and testament attention me in my locomote. My sr. relatives are impertinent and would forc e out me in some(prenominal) career rifle and my junior siblings could instigate for me on the sidelines. faith does not give way in the prevail place. and when I give m in petition I experience knowledgeable peace, which in originate set up my prune overall. pietism is a lay down of intermediation for me. Spiritual-mindedness in my personal lives helps me in the formulate place. riches is something from the body of work that result greatly takings my personal life. With a adequate summate of wealth, my family fag detect make prisoner and give be able to think on opposite things in life. I wearyt call for neediness of gold to prevent anything in my life.